英語四級考試複習專題之翻譯練習
四級翻譯(9.11)
would have been better now if ___________(你過去堅持吃藥).
______________(鑑於他違背了媽媽的意願),his father gave him a little hard work to do.
police warned citizens against keeping a large sum of cash at home ____________(以防被盜).
4._____________(當談及代購問題),all students are eager to say something about their experience.
is common konwledge ____________(在經濟上中國僅次於美國) at present.
答案解析:
had kept taking/having this medicine before
考查虛擬語氣:表示與過去事實相反的假設需用虛擬語氣,從句中的謂語動詞用“had+過去分詞”,主句中的謂語動詞用“should(第一人稱)或would(第二,三人稱)have+過去分詞”。“堅持做某事”的表達是keep doing sth。
“吃藥”的表達是take/have medicine。
of his going against his mother's will
“鑑於”的表達是in view of,後面跟名詞性成分。“違背”的表達是go against。“意願”的表達為will。
it (should) be stolen//in case it (should)/will be stolen
考查目的狀語從句:lest意思是“以防,以免”,其引導的從句通常用sb.(should)do 的形式表示虛擬,句中指“錢財被盜”,用被動語態。In case “以防”也可以引導目的狀語從句,但從句的謂語可用虛擬語氣,也可用直陳語氣。
考查代詞it:從句中的“以防被盜”指cash,為了避免重複,用it指代。
it comes to generation gap//When talking about generation gap
考查“當談及…”這一常考固定結構:when it comes to+sb./sth或者when talking about +sb./sth.。“代溝”的表達:generation gap。
China is next to America in terms of economy
that引導的主語從句既可放於句首,也可放在句末,但為了保持句子平衡,常用it作形式主語,把真正的主語從句放在句後。“僅次於”的表達為be next/second to。“在…上”可表達為in terms of或者直接用介詞in。
四級翻譯(9.10)
the end of this year ___________(這本書將出版).
advantages of bicycle outweigh its disadvantages and it will ________________(在現代社會發揮重要作用).
r days of heavy rains,the sun ______________(終於從雲層後面露出來了).
has got into the habit of __________________(在房間亂扔東西).
5.______(凡是對油畫感興趣的人)may get a free ticket to the art show.
答案解析:
book will have been published // the book will have come out
考查時態和被動語態:由by the end of this year“今年年底”判斷要用將來完成時,而book與publish之間是被動關係,所以用將來完成時的被動語態will have been published。如果用come out 表達的話不必用被動式。
“出版”的表達常用publish或come out。
an important/essential role in modern society
“發揮作用”的表達為play a role in。“重要的”表達可以用important或essential;“現代社會”的表達為modern society。
ged from behind the clouds at last
為了準確表達方位,from後面可接另外一個介詞賓語,behind the clouds整體表示一個位置;雲層後面。本句敍述的是過去的事情,所以用過去式。“露出來”的表達為emerge或come out。
4.答案:leaving things about/everywhere in his room
“養成某習慣”的固定搭配為get into the habit of doing sth。“亂扔東西”的表達為leave things about/everywhere。
ver is interested in oil painting
考查主語從句:Whoever意思是“無論是誰”,它在引導的主語從句中可作主語或賓語。作主語時,謂語動詞一般用單數。“對…感興趣”的表達是be interested in或have/take an interest in。
“油畫”的表達是oil painting。
四級翻譯(9.9)
the end of this year ___________(這本書將出版).
advantages of bicycle outweigh its disadvantages and it will ________________(在現代社會發揮重要作用).
r days of heavy rains,the sun ______________(終於從雲層後面露出來了).
has got into the habit of __________________(在房間亂扔東西).
enclosed,smoke-filled room has levels of harmful gas ________________(是平時的50倍).
答案解析:
book will have been published // the book will have come out
時態和被動語態:由by the end of this year“今年年底”判斷要用將來完成時,而book與publish之間是被動關係,所以用將來完成時的被動語態will have been published。如果用come out 表達的話不必用被動式。“出版”的表達常用publish或come out。
an important/essential role in modern society
“發揮作用”的表達為play a role in。“重要的”表達可以用important或essential;“現代社會”的表達為modern society。
ged from behind the clouds at last
考查介詞:為了準確表達方位,from後面可接另外一個介詞賓語,behind the clouds整體表示一個位置;雲層後面。考查時態:本句敍述的是過去的事情,所以用過去式。“露出來”的表達為emerge或come out。
ing things about/everywhere in his room
“養成某習慣”的固定搭配為get into the habit of doing sth。“亂扔東西”的表達為leave things about/everywhere。
5.50 times as high as normal // 49 times higher than normal
考查比較級:表示倍數的比較級常用“A is…times as + 形容詞原級+as B”或“A is … times +形容詞比較級+ than B”。“平時”的表達為normal。
四級翻譯(9.8)
practice of ________________(考試前熬夜學習)will not necessarily work for every student.
ge arrived at the office ahead of time _______________(只為了給老闆留下好印象).
resolution that ___________(他調到總部)was approved by General Manager.
didn't like this job _____________(儘管條件比之前的好).
5.___________________(我寧願你不要宣佈決定)on the issue for the time being.
答案解析:
ing up studying before an examination
“熬夜”的表達為stay up,“熬夜學習”就是stay up studying。空前出現的of是介詞,跟在其後的動詞詞組“熬夜學習”要變成動名詞的形式,修飾名詞practice。
to make a good impression on his/the boss
“給…留下印象”譯作make an impression on…。“印象”之前的修飾語good在翻譯時不能遺漏。“只為了”的表達為only to,其結構為only to do sth.表示目的。
(should)be transferred to headquarter
考查虛擬語氣:某些表示建議,請求,命令,主張以及“重要性”,“緊迫性”等概念的名詞充當主語時,其後的同位語從句需要用虛擬語氣。具體結構為(should)+動詞原形。這樣的名詞有:demand,desire,requirement,advice,recommendation,suggestion,order,proposal和resolution等。“調任”表達為transfer;“總部”表達為headquarter。他是“被調任”,需要用被動語態。
gh the condition was better than the previous one
考查讓步狀語從句:在句子中所以用though。比較級:“比…好” 用be better than。one的用法:句子前面已經提到了job,為了避免重複,用one代替。
5.I'd rather you didn't declare/announce this decision
考查虛擬語氣:would rather,would sooner,had rather,would(just) as soon,would prefer用來表達主觀願望,它們之後的賓語從句用虛擬語氣,謂語動詞用一般過去時表示現在或將來的`事情,用過去完成時表示與過去事實相反的事情。本句中for the time being“目前”表示這是現在的事情,所以系動詞用一般過去時didn't。“宣佈決定”的表達常用declare或announce the decision。
四級翻譯(9.7)
1._____________________(儘管他已筋疲力盡),he still kept on running.
people believe that international tourism _________________________(對經濟發展有積極作用) local government should be encouraged to promote it.
my way to the important interview,________________(他所做的就是祝我好運).
to the unexpected changes,______________(這個計劃需要修改).
5.________________(遇難者能否在災難中生還)depends on many uncertain factors.
答案解析:
ough/Though he was exhausted
考查讓步狀語從句:用Although或Though表示“雖然,儘管”的意思。“筋疲力盡”的表達為be exhausted。
s an active role in economic growth/development / has positive effects on economic growth/development
“有作用”的表達常用play a role或have an effect on 結構。“積極的”常用active和positive,“發展”可用growth或development。
he did was to wish me good luck//what he did was wishing me good luck
考查主語從句:用what引導主語從句。主語的表達:可用不定式或動名詞作表語。“祝好運”表達為wish sb good luck.
plan has to be revised/modified
“計劃”與“修改”是被動關係,用be done的被動結構。“修改”的常用表達為revise或modify。
her the victims can survive the disaster
所需翻譯的句子為該句的主語,“能否…”提示從句用Whether引導,注意在主語從句中只能用whether,不能用if。表示“存活,活下來,倖免於難”,用survive,後直接跟賓語,注意此處不能加介詞from。只有在表示習慣,習俗,禮儀等沿襲時才用survive from。
四級翻譯(9.6)
1. The popular artist said she____________________________(喜歡古典音樂勝過流行音樂).
2. The market share of DDF Company_______ (佔了總市場份額的五分之二)in our country so far.
3. ____________ (據報道將實施新規定)by 2012.
4. This is the very trade fair________(我們應該好好利用)。
5. If he had not turned a deaf ear to the doctor, ________ (傷早就治癒了)
答案與解析:
erred classical music to popular songs
考查特殊比較級: 表示比較意義時不一定用比較級體現,還可以用固定搭配,如prefer…to…,be superior to等。"喜歡......勝過......"的表達為prefer…to…。
accounted for two fifths of the total
"佔"的表達為account for。考查分數的表達: "五分之 二"是分數,分子在前用基數詞,分母在後用序數詞.分子超過1時,分母要用 複數形式。
3. It is reported (that) new regulation will have been enforced
考查被動語態: 主語"規定"是動作"實施"的承受者,用被動語態。考查時態: 表示將來某一時間以前已經完成的動作時需用將來完成時態。考查重點句型: 當主語不明或不特別強調時,用it is reported(據報道), it is said(據説)等,後接不定式或從句。此題當中"實施新規定"是從句,故用It is reported (that)句型。
4. helping her daughter (to) recover
考查固定搭配: "專心做某事" 的固定搭配是apply oneself to, to是介詞,後面要跟名詞性成分,故用名詞或動名詞。查高頻詞彙: “康復”的表達為recover(from)。考查固定用法: “幫助某人做某事”的表達為help sb. (to) do sth. 或help sb. with sth.
5. the wound would have been cured/healed
考查虛擬語氣: if…had done表示對過去情況的虛擬,從句時態用過去完成時,主句應使用would have done的結構。"治癒"的表達為cure或者heal"傷"是"被治癒",需用被動結構。